Growing mangoes in linving soil

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Itinéraire technique - Mango

Mango Living soil

In this page, we will present you how to grow mangoes in living soil.

Information about the crop

Tree with strong development: 10 to 30 m high, evergreen foliage, trunk up to 1 m in diameter.
Variable coloring: Green, yellow, orange, purplish red, alone or mixed in the form of spots.
Flowering: from December to April (depending on the country).
Fruiting: from March to July.
Harvest: from May to July.

Soil preparation

Establish plant cover.
Dig a hole of 50 cm x 50 cm x 50 cm.
Mix the soil with 20 kg of well-rotted manure, incorporating 500 g of superphosphate or tricalcium phosphate, 200 g of potassium sulphate and if necessary dolomite.
Planting density: from 100 to 400 trees / ha.

Planting

At the beginning of the rainy season.
The mango tree with its clod is stripped of its pot and planted at the top of a mound.
A raised basin will be made with soil taken from the interline.
A first watering will moderately compact the soil and ensure good contact between the soil and the clod.
A mulch, after the first irrigation, will help maintain humidity favorable to the growth of young roots.

Fertilization

Manure in kilogram per hectare :

These indicative fertilizers must be adapted according to soil and leaf analyzes.

Irrigation

Fairly high water needs.
The pivoting root system is very powerful and allows it to find water in the deep layers. If the water resource is sufficient, irrigation is not necessary.
Otherwise, it can be practiced in different forms: drip, microjets, mini-sprinklers, in the basin or in the line. These last two forms of irrigation waste a lot of water.

Protection

Fungi: Early blight, anthracnose, scab, rubella, sooty mold, mango tree malformation, stem rot, powdery mildew.
Bacteria: Mango bacteriosis.
Insects: Mango mite, red mango spider, spiral whitefly, West Indian fruit fly, diaspine mealybugs, nematodes,...
Physiological or abiotic diseases: Chilling injury, sunburn, damage due to sap burn, phytotoxicity, internal over-ripeness of the mango.

To avoid diseases and in particular powdery mildew:

Stop watering during wet periods.
Carry out pruning at the end of the morning in sunny weather.

Plant cover

Arachis repens.

In order to protect the soil from UV rays and erosion and limit the use of herbicides, a perennial plant cover (preferably) should be planted upstream of the plantation.
This cover will be controlled by mowing if it does not self-regulate naturally.
Possible covers are: Stylosanthes guianensis, Arachis pintoï and Arachis repens.

Pruning

Removal of excess branches to ventilate the foliage and avoid confined environments.
Limitation of the height of mango trees by pruning so that phytosanitary treatments can cover the entire canopy.

Harvest

April to July.
Cut the peduncle at 10-15 cm and place the mango upside down to prevent the latex from damaging the epidermis.
After coagulation of the latex, the mangoes are boxed for packaging.
Disinfect cutting tools regularly to prevent disease.

Storage

Above 8°C, ideally between 10 -14°C and at a hygrometry of 85 to 95%.
Avoid the cold room, it dulls the taste and precipitates the maturation once the mangoes come out.
Conservation up to 15 days under these conditions.

For more information on the mango's technical itinerary

Sources

This page has been written in partnership with the Urbane project and with the financial support of the European Union.

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