Acyrthosiphon pisum

Bioagressor - (Acyrthosiphon pisum) - Insect - Aphid

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1. General description

Scientific name	Acyrthosiphon pisum (syn. Macrosiphum pisum or Acyrthosiphon onobrychis)
Classification	Order Homoptera, family Aphididae
Geographical range	Very common in France
Crops affected	Cycle completed entirely on legumes (sainfoin, alfalfa, trefoil, vetch, peas, beans, lentils, clover, etc.), perennial species allowing infestation of annual species.

2. Biology and epidemiology

Biological cycle

Conditions favourable to development

Environment
Climate	A mild winter favours the early arrival of aphids on peas. A warm, dry spring encourages them to multiply.
Cultivation history of the plot
Environment of the plot

3. Damage

Symptoms and damage

The aphid can cause two types of damage by colonising the stems, leaves, flowers and pods of a plant :

Direct damage, due either to the development of saprophytic fungi (dull black felting) on the honeydew produced by the aphid, or to the stings that the aphid makes on the plant to feed on sap and which weaken the plant (abortion of flowers, reduction in the number of pods and PMG, opening of pods).
Indirect damage linked to the transmission of several viruses that the aphid vectors.

Measuring systems

When the pea reaches the sensitive stages, place a stiff white sheet under the vegetation and shake the stems (the aphids will drop off). Repeat the operation several times. According to Arvalis - Institut du végétal, control is always profitable when the population reaches the threshold of 30 individuals per stem.

Pest

(to be completed)

4. Management methods

Measures upstream of the crop

Early sowing of peas would make it possible to shift the plant's sensitive stages with respect to the aphid's biological cycle (but unreliable information according to Herbea, see references).

Catch-up solutions

Type	Description	Effectiveness
Biological control	Certain ladybirds, parasitic wasps and birds regulate aphid populations.	Limited impact, rate of predation and parasitism unknown.
Chemical control	Several products are authorised. It is important to choose a product that is specific to aphids and that respects pea beneficials.	Good, unless a pyrethroid is used on its own. Beware of bee legislation during flowering or exudate production!

Innovative solutions

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5. To go further...

Title	Type of document	Year	Authors	Publishers	Details
ephytia page : green or pink pea aphid	Website	2017	INRA	INRA	link vers le site
ABAA database : green pea aphid	Website	2017	EcophytoPIC	ACTA	link to the website
Green aphid on pea	Website	2017	Terres Inovia	Terres Inovia	link to the website
Green pea aphid	Website	2017	Arvalis	Arvalis	link to the website
Encyclop'Aphid - the aphid encyclopedia - A. pisum	Website	2017	Evelyne Turpeau, Maurice Hullé, Bernard Chaubet	INRA	link to the website
Herbea leaflet - green pea aphid	Website	2014	Solagro	Solagro	link to the website

Annexes

S'attaque aux cultures

Favorise la présence des bioagresseurs